Alexandria, Egypt (for Cairo & Giza)
Having added Egypt to his empire, Alexander the Great decreed that a new city be raised as his imperial capital and named it Alexandria. The young conqueror never lived to see his dream realized, dying nine years later at the age of 33. But the city he founded would play a major role in world history for the next 20 centuries. Alexandria was the capital of Egypt under the Ptolemys and the Roman Empire. An early center of Christianity, the city was famed as a focus of commerce and culture - a legacy that endured until the waning of the Byzantine Empire in the 14th century. Under Ottoman rule, Alexandria suffered a long period of decline until Muhammad Ali revived its fortunes in the 1800s. The opening of the Suez Canal also served to diminish Alexandria's role as a major port, but the city was a bastion of the British Empire in both world wars. Today Alexandria is Egypt's second-largest city with a population of some 5 million souls.
Alexandria is hailed as "The Pearl of the Mediterranean." The city serves as your gateway to Cairo and the Great Pyramids.
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